How does SegWit reduce transaction fees and prevent transaction malleability?

SegWit was introduced to fix malleability and improve block space usage, but I’m still a bit unclear on how it works under the hood.

Could someone explain:

What exactly changes in a SegWit transaction compared to a legacy one?

How does this result in lower transaction fees?

Why does it fix the transaction malleability issue?

An example comparing a legacy vs SegWit transaction format (with fee size difference) would be really helpful.



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