What happens to miner's fees when a Bitcoin transaction is rejected?

Going through the following resource:

When a miner creates a block proposal, the miner is entitled to specify where all the fees paid by the transactions in that block proposal should be sent. If the proposal results in a valid block that becomes a part of the best block chain, the fee income will be sent to the specified recipient. If a valid block does not collect all available fees, the amount not collected is permanently destroyed; this has happened on more than 1,000 occasions from 2011 to 2017,[1][2] with decreasing frequency over time.

I understand that transaction fees are eventually refunded to the sender. However, what about the miner's fee? If miner's fees are also refunded, how does Bitcoin protect the miner's mempool from being flooded or spammed with invalid transactions? Shouldn't there be some form of deterrent in place to safeguard these mempools?



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