How Can ARK Protocol Ensure Trust and Accountability in Instant vTXO Issuance with Delayed On-Chain Transactions?
A Scenario Question: If Alice sends UTXOs to an ASP to issue vTXOs for Bob, the vTXO needs to be instantaneous, but the ASP’s on-chain transaction may take a long time to confirm. What happens if the on-chain transaction fails (with funds returning to the ASP)? In this case, could the ASP act maliciously by issuing the vTXO to Bob without backing it up, leaving Bob with unredeemable vTXOs when he tries to cash them out later?
Possible Solution: Could the ARK protocol ensure that the ASP only uses Alice's UTXOs after the on-chain transaction for Bob is successfully broadcast and confirmed? Additionally, can Bob's vTXOs indicate whether they are backed by UTXOs or not, notify him of any failure, and maintain a "Not Backed" status until the ASP backs it up with a new UTXO transaction? This would ensure that the ASP can only use Alice's funds after successfully creating a UTXO for Bob, with the entire process being publicly verifiable while respecting user privacy.
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