Tangem Wallet Pack of 2 - Secure Crypto Wallet - Trusted Cold Storage for Bitcoin, Ethereum, NFT's &

Tangem Wallet Pack of 2 - Secure Crypto Wallet - Trusted Cold Storage for Bitcoin, Ethereum, NFT's &
Key item features Ultimate Security: Generates a private key that remains on the card, safeguarding crypto and NFTs from hackers with EAL6+ certification and audited firmware. Versatile Compatibility: Manages over 13,000 tokens across 70+ blockchains, supporting DeFi, NFTs, and DeEx without wires, Bluetooth, or USB. Effortless Operation: Utilizes NFC for secure transactions via a mobile device and the Tangem app, enabling buying and selling crypto with various payment methods. Smart Backup: Features a second Tangem Wallet as a backup, eliminating the need for paper, pictures, or seed phrases for recovery. Durable Design: Boasts IP68 protection against environmental conditions, ensuring longevity and robust physical security. Comprehensive Support: Compatible with Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana, XRP, USDT, and over 6,000 cryptocurrencies, integrating with dApps and WalletConnect.

LBANK

LBANK

In Utreexo, how is it guaranteed that the validator has the same accumulator state as the proof-generator?

In Utreexo a validator node (fully validating Utreexo light node), when validating transactions, uses the proofs supplied by the proof-generator (a Utreexo-aware full node, bridge node). As far as I understand, for proof validation to succeed, the validator has to have the same accumulator state (same root hashes) as the state used when creating the proof. I wonder how can this be ensured in the different use cases.

For the newly confirmed blocks/transactions, I see no problem, as the confirmed blocks and transactions have a well-defined ordering, and it is safe to assume to base the proof on the accumulator state as after the previous block.

But what about a long-confirmed but still unspent UTXO? Relative to what state can it be proved/verified? Does a new current proof have to be created with the current block height? Or it's not possible in Utreexo?

Also, what about mempool transactions? Their arrival time can differ in nodes, so there is no clear block height or block state.



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